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Physalis angulata

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Physalis

groundcherry, groundcherry, husk tomato, husk tomato

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual herbs.

Stems: Stems angled, often up to 50 cm long, with intraxylary phloem. sparsely pubescent with minute simple hairs concentrated on young tips and buds and on main veins below, later glabrate.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades ovate to elliptic, on vigorous shoots up to 10 cm long, more often ca. 5 cm long, 2–2.5 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate. Base cuneate to rounded, often oblique. Surfaces sparsely pubescent to glabrate. Margins entire or with a few shallow teeth, these occasionally well–developed, up to 5 mm long. Petioles 1–3 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers solitary in the leaf axils or stem forks, subpendulous, pedicels slender, 5 mm long at anthesis. Flowers bisexual (perfect), solitary in the leaf axils or stem forks, pedicellate. Calyx 5-lobed, not prominently angular, bell-shaped, connate in lower ⅔, ca.2.5 mm long including lobes, these broadly triangular, ca. 1 mm long, greatly enlarging in fruit. Corolla pale yellow, with a diffuse brownish spot at base, rotate, ca. 15 mm in diameter. Stamens 5; filaments inserted near base of corolla tube; anthers oblong, opening by slits. Ovary superior, 2-celled, placentation axile; ovules numerous on an enlarged placenta; style 1, 4–5 mm long, erect.

Fruit: Berries pale yellow; succulent; globose; 9–12 mm in diameter; enclosed in the inflated papery calyx tube; pedicels 1–2 cm long; drooping. Seeds numerous; discoid; ca. 1 mm long; minutely shallowly reticulate; lenticular.

Ploidy: 2n = 24; 48; 50

Habitat: Disturbed sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Synonyms (39)

Boberella angulata (L.) E.H.L.Krause (1903)
Nicandra indica (Lam.) Roem. & Schult. (1819)
Physalis abyssinica Nees (1831)
Physalis angulata f. linkiana (Nees) Stehlé (1962)
Physalis angulata f. ramosissima (Mill.) Stehlé (1962)
Physalis angulata f. tenuis Hassl. (1909)
Physalis angulata var. capsicifolia (Dunal) Griseb. (1857)
Physalis angulata var. dubia Kuntze (1891)
Physalis angulata var. lanceifolia (Nees) Waterf. (1958)
Physalis angulata var. linkiana (Nees) A.Gray (1874)
Physalis angulata var. normalis Kuntze (1891)
Physalis angulata var. pendula (Rydb.) Waterf. (1958)
Physalis angulata var. ramosissima (Mill.) O.E.Schulz (1909)
Physalis angulata var. villosa Bonati (1915)
Physalis arenaria Nees (1831)
Physalis bodinieri H.Lév. & Vaniot (1908)
Physalis capsicifolia Dunal (1852)
Physalis ciliata Siebold & Zucc. (1846)
Physalis cuneata Rusby (1920)
Physalis dubia Link (1821)
Physalis esquirolii H.Lév. & Vaniot (1908)
Physalis fauriei H.Lév. & Vaniot (1908)
Physalis glaberrima Colla (1835)
Physalis hermannii Dunal (1852)
Physalis ixocarpa Nees (1831)
Physalis lanceeifolia
Physalis lanceifolia Nees (1831)
Physalis linkiana Nees (1831)
Physalis linkiana var. arenaria Dunal (1852)
Physalis linkiana var. venosa Dunal (1852)
Physalis margaranthoides Rusby (1899)
Physalis micrantha Link (1821)
Physalis minima L. (1753)
Physalis parviflora R.Br. (1810)
Physalis pendula Rydb. (1903)
Physalis ramosissima Mill. (1768)
Physalis repens Nakai (1915)
Physalis surinamensis Miq. (1845)
Saracha angulata M.Martens & Galeotti (1845)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Potentially Naturalizing
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

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Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 183 (1753)

Other References

As Physalis angulata: Wagner et al. 1990:1265 (K); Imada et al. 2000:15 (O); Oppenheimer 2003:26 (H); Staples et al. 2006:8 (Mo); Oppenheimer 2013:19 (L). As Physalis lanceifolia: Wagner & Herbst 1995:26 (NEWNAT/EM, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Physalis angulata L. Molokai Open pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Caraway, V. 150 Molokai BISH 2/1/1997
2 Physalis angulata L. Waimanalo, UH experiment station Weedy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Heu, R. Nagamine, W. Collector Number: s.n. Oahu BISH 1/14/1999
3 Physalis angulata L. s hilo district, waiakea stream In alien dominated, rocky streambed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. collector number: h80106 Hawaii BISH 8/2/2001
4 Physalis angulata L. S Hilo District, Waiakea Stream In alien dominated, rocky streambed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H80106 Hawaii BISH 8/2/2001
5 Physalis angulata L. princeville at hanalei, roadside lookout onto hanalei national wildlife refuge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. et al. collector number: 5172 BISH 12/21/1983
6 Physalis angulata L. kawainui marsh, off kapaa quarry road by airplane field and canal PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. kennedy, b. collector number: 2005-023 Maui BISH 1/21/2005
7 Physalis angulata L. waimanalo, uh experiment station Weedy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN heu, r. nagamine, w. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 1/14/1999
8 Physalis angulata L. kawaihau district, land of waipoke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. ishikawa, s. collector number: 5664 Oahu BISH 2/23/1976
9 Physalis angulata L. Kaluakoi District, along Hwy 46 at Mahana. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Derral Herbst 9822 Molokai PTBG 4/17/1997
10 Physalis angulata L. Princeville at Hanalei, roadside lookout onto Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5172 Kauai BISH 12/21/1983
11 Physalis angulata L. In center of island. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forest Starr Starr-050222-22 Mokuauia Islet PTBG 2/22/2007
12 Physalis angulata L. North side rim of Maunalei Gulch, south of Keomuku Rd., Hinuhinu Pali. Degraded Dodonaea dry shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H21109 Lanai PTBG 2/16/2011
13 Physalis angulata L. Waiakea Stream. Alien dominated, rocky streambed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H80106 Hawaii PTBG 8/2/2001
14 Physalis angulata L. KAUAI: Hanalei Valley. Ohiki road along Hanalei River. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1357 Kauai PTBG 11/13/1985
15 Physalis angulata L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN v. caraway 150 Molokai US
16 Physalis angulata L. Kawainui Marsh, off Kapaa Quarry Road by airplane field and canal Soft mucky soil, medium to large stones, and non-degradable garbage. Heavily mowed and herbicided area left of airplane field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. Kennedy, B. Collector Number: 2005-023 Oahu BISH 1/21/2005
17 Physalis angulata L. kawaihau district, land of waipoke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & s. ishikawa 5664 Kauai US 2/23/1976
18 Physalis angulata L. Kawaihau District, land of Waipoke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Ishikawa, S. 5664 Kauai US 2/23/1976
19 Physalis angulata L. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Caraway, V. 150 Molokai US 2/1/1997
20 Physalis angulata L. North side rim of Maunalei Gulch, south of Keomuku Rd., Hinuhinu Pali. Naturalized on rocky soil in degraded Dodonaea Dry Shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H21109 Lanai BISH 2/16/2011
21 Physalis angulata L. Mokuauia Islet, Oahu in center of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Starr, F. 050222-22 Oahu BISH 2/22/2007
22 Physalis angulata L. molokai Open pasture PRESERVED_SPECIMEN caraway, v. collector number: 150 Molokai BISH 2/1/1997
23 Physalis angulata L. S Hilo District, Waiakea Stream In alien dominated, rocky streambed. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Collector Number: H80106 Hawaii BISH 8/2/2001
24 Physalis angulata L. Kawainui Marsh, off Kapaa Quarry Road by airplane field and canal Soft mucky soil, medium to large stones, and non-degradable garbage. Heavily mowed and herbicided area left of airplane field. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. 2005-023 Oahu BISH 1/21/2005
25 Physalis angulata L. Kawaihau District, land of Waipoke PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5664 Kauai BISH 2/23/1976
26 Physalis angulata L. Waimanalo, UH experiment station Weedy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Heu, R. s.n. Oahu BISH 1/14/1999
27 Physalis angulata L. mokuauia islet, oahu in center of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN starr, f. starr, k. collector number: 050222-22 Oahu BISH 2/22/2007
28 Physalis angulata L. West of Kaunakakai, near Umipaa. Weed along unpaved road in degraded wet land with Prosopis, Rhizophora, and Batis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H31103 Molokai BISH 3/9/2011
29 Physalis angulata L. Kaluakoi District, along Hwy 46 at Mahana PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 9822 Molokai BISH 4/17/1997
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